The hottest re-entry into WTO and China's paper in

"GATT resumption", "WTO entry" and the general agreement on Tariffs and trade of China's paper industry are abbreviated as "GATT" in Chinese and "GATT" in English. The world trade organization is abbreviated as "WTO" in Chinese and "WTO" in English. For the convenience of narration, this paper uses GATT and WTO to replace their full names and abbreviations in Chinese and English

in the past ten years, the world paper industry has had two cases of paper international trade disputes, which have been appealed to the GATT or dealt with according to its terms. Here are the following:

the first case: in 1983, when a paper trade dispute occurred between Canada and the EFTA countries of the European Free Trade Association, multiple sets of equipment can be purchased at the same time for production. EFTA requires the tax-free limit of imported paper in Western Europe to be reduced from 1.5 million tons to 500000 tons. Canadian paper mills exclaimed: the European Economic Community (EEC) and the Nordic countries set up trade barriers, closed Canada outside the EEC market, and lodged a complaint with the then GATT body. Since then, the amount of paper exported from Canada to Europe has decreased year by year. It was 657000 tons in 1983, 544000 tons in 1984, 371000 tons in 1985, 431000 tons in 1986, and hovered around 500000 tons until 1990. Affected by this, the growth of Canadian paper production was sluggish from 1986 to 1996. Compared with the output in 1986, the year-on-year growth rate in 1996 was - 1.93%. Paper production in the Nordic countries was protected, with a year-on-year growth rate of 14.27%. Paper production in Western Europe has developed, with a year-on-year growth rate of 75.48%

the second case: at the end of 1997, China's major paper manufacturers filed anti-dumping complaints against imported paper from the United States, Canada and South Korea. In 1999, the Chinese government made an arbitration: China increased the tax rate on imported paper. China's paper output increased from 453000 tons in 1997, which still contracted significantly, to 955700 tons in 1998 and 1.13 million tons in 1999. The raw materials of vanadium products in the world mainly come from vanadium titanomagnetite. The amount of paper imported by China fell from 453000 tons in 1997 to 236400 tons in 1998 and 247600 tons in 1999. China's main suppliers of imported paper have also changed to Russia, Japan, Thailand and New Zealand

China's paper industry has a weak foundation, and there is a large gap compared with developed countries in terms of resources, capital, talent training, technology and management, industrial structure and modernization level. The development of China's paper industry must rely on reform and opening up and face the world. The world is also paying attention to China's huge paper market. After China's entry into the WTO, China's paper industry should make full use of the opportunities provided by its entry into the WTO, strive to overcome the fierce challenges after its entry into the WTO, develop strengths and avoid weaknesses, explore and innovate, and establish its due position in the market competition tide of economic globalization in the new century. The following suggestions are put forward for reference

1. Give full play to the low-cost advantages of Chinese straw pulp, mix with an appropriate amount of wood pulp, produce affordable printing and writing paper that meets the needs of developing countries, and explore the foreign market of Chinese paper industry

2. The reorganization of China's paper industry, the transformation of the current state-owned paper enterprises and the establishment of new modern paper enterprises require the use of foreign funds and resources. Foreign paper and financial circles are also willing to invest and build factories in China. When making full use of foreign capital and developing foreign-funded enterprises, attention should be paid to avoiding market monopoly. For example, the EU has not approved the merger of the pulp equipment manufacturing departments of the gewana group and the OSLON group. The judicial department of the United States proposed to split Microsoft in order to avoid market monopoly. It is hoped that relevant departments will formulate and improve the anti-monopoly law

3. Now China's imported pulp has zero tariff. This is reasonable for using foreign resources, alleviating the plight of China's insufficient wood resources, protecting the environment and reducing pollution. Moreover, it is beneficial to the enterprises that use commercial wood pulp as raw material for papermaking, especially the foreign-funded enterprises that have commercial pulp mills abroad. However, it will exert great pressure on the development of China's commodity pulp industry. China's commodity pulp industry is a weak, emerging and immature industry. The annual output of China's commercial pulp is about 300000 tons, less than 1% of the world's commercial pulp circulation. China imported 342000 tons of pulp in 1990, and increased to 3097900 tons after 1999. Over the past decade, China's pulp imports have increased by nearly 9 times, and are 10 times the output of China's commercial pulp

according to the provisions of GATT, developing countries impose import restrictions in order to establish a special industry or to protect emerging, weak and immature industries that do not yet have competitiveness. Therefore, it is hoped that the relevant departments will comprehensively weigh the pros and cons, and make appropriate adjustments to the situation, so as to make a thorough investigation and advice ǎ However, the more you talk to Tang Fen, the more you know, the more you know, the better you are α We should try to make a plan (11) and (6) to make a plan (10) В ； The head of the head is strange, and the water level of the Tang Dynasty is more than zero

4 Coated paper, called coated paper in some countries (commonly known as coated paper in China), is the development direction of publishing and printing paper. In the past, the production capacity of coated paper in China has reached more than 800000 tons/year, and the annual output has reached 6. Instead, the conventional tabulation method is used to detect 0-700000 tons. However, in recent years, many coated paper production capacities have been abandoned, and the annual output is only about 200000, and the variety and quality are deficient. However, the import volume of coated paper increased year by year, about 110000 tons in 1990, 794300 tons in 1997, 984700 tons in 1998 and 1039400 tons in 1999, which is five times the domestic volume. China's paper industry should actively protect and save China's coating paper production industry, which has been paid attention to by the industry authorities. The key is also the action of coating paper production enterprises, actively strive for, and strive to innovate, protect and develop China's coating paper industry

5. After China's entry into WTO, China's paper industry will face stronger market competition pressure. The adjustment of industrial structure is imminent and the task is arduous. It needs to be arranged as a whole and handled properly. At the same time, we should popularize WTO knowledge, so that Chinese paper enterprises can understand WTO, know how to participate in competition, know how to protect themselves, develop and strengthen their competitiveness, and jointly meet the prosperity of China's paper industry